Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine
Volume 18, Issue 1 , Pages 36-39 , January 2009

Clinical Technique: Extra-articular Surgical Stifle Stabilization of an American Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)

  • William Van Bonn, DVM

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: William Van Bonn, DVM, Senior Director for Animal Health, John G. Shedd Aquarium, 1200 South Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605

References 

  1. FrogWeb. Amphibian Declines. Available from: URL:http://frogweb.nbii.gov/declines/, accessed 31 March 2008
  2. Boyle P, Grow S. Amphibians—a biodiversity crisis. AZA Connect. 2008;March
  3. Stetter MD, Raphael B, Indiviglio F, et al. Isoflurane anesthesia in amphibians: comparison of five application methods. Proc Am Assoc Zoo Vet. 1996;
  4. Wright KM. Applied physiology. In:  Wright KM,  Whittaker BR editor. Amphibian Medicine and Captive Husbandry. Malabar, FL: Kreiger Publishing Company; 2001;p. 31
  5. Willens S, Stoskopf MK, Baynes RE, et al. Use of two-compartment Teflon flow-through diffusion cells to study cutaneous absorption kinetics of malathion in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) and marine toad (Bufo marinus). Proc Int Assoc Aquatic Anim Med. 2004;
  6. Wright KM. Restraint techniques and euthanasia. In:  Wright KM,  Whittaker BR editor. Amphibian Medicine and Captive Husbandry. Malabar, FL: Kreiger Publishing Company; 2001;p. 111
  7. Wilson B. The amphibians. In:  Ballard B,  Cheek R editor. Exotic Animal Medicine for the Veterinary Technician. Ames, IA: Iowa State Press; 2003;p. 172
  8. Wright KM. Surgical techniques. In:  Wright KM,  Whittaker BR editor. Amphibian Medicine and Captive Husbandry. Malabar, FL: Kreiger Publishing Company; 2001;p. 273
  9. Tuttle AD, Law JM, Harms CA, et al. Evaluation of the gross and histologic reactions to five commonly used suture materials in the skin of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2006;45(6):22–26
  10. Royal LW, Grafinger MS, Lascelles BDX, et al. Internal fixation of a femur fracture in an American bullfrog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007;230(8):1201–1204
  11. Kargo WJ, Nelson F, Rome LC. Jumping in frogs: assessing the design of the skeletal system by anatomically realistic modeling and forward dynamic simulation. J Exp Biol. 2002;205:1683–1702
  12. Kargo WJ, Rome LC. Functional morphology of proximal hindlimb muscles in the frog, Rana pipiens. J Exp Biol. 2002;205:1987–2004
  13. Ecker A. The Anatomy of the Frog. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1889;
  14. Shelbourne KD, Nitz PA. The O'Donoghue triad revisited. Am J Sports Med. 1991;19:474–477

PII: S1557-5063(08)00195-X

doi: 10.1053/j.jepm.2008.10.006

Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine
Volume 18, Issue 1 , Pages 36-39 , January 2009

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