Enucleation of Exotic Pets

Abstract 

Enucleation is often the final option when considering ocular treatment for an exotic pet patient. There are many considerations when performing the surgical procedure to remove the eye. It is incumbent on the surgeon to be familiar with the anatomy of the individual species’ globe and orbit to reduce hemorrhage, optic nerve trauma, and postsurgical complications. This review of enucleation procedures will focus on ocular anatomical differences and techniques that should be used to maximize surgical success.

Key words: exotic pets, small mammal, enucleation, ocular, avian